Mycoplasma genitalium

Caused by the bacteria Mycoplasma genitalium, genitalium (also often referred to as MG) is a non-notifiable STI .
Many M. genitalium cases are asymptomatic. When present, signs and symptoms are similar to those of chlamydia infection.¹
Persistent infection due to treatment failure is common, due to increases in antimicrobial resistance.¹
M. genitalium is an established cause of PID, urethritis and cervicitis.

Screening for asymptomatic M. genitalium infection is not recommended, aside from sexual contacts of a confirmed case.²
Nucleic acid amplification testing on high vaginal swab for women. First pass urine specimen for men, or where a self-collected vaginal or endocervical swab cannot be taken.^1,3
When possible, test for macrolide resistance mutations and treat accordingly. See the Australian STI management guidelines for further information about treatment options.

Test of cure should be undertaken 14-21 days after completion of treatment, only when there are ongoing symptoms and/or risk of reinfection or sequalae.³
It is recommended that ongoing sexual partners of the index case are tested and treated. The time period for contact tracing is currently unknown.¹

References

References

Australasian Society for HIV Viral Hepatitis and Sexual Health Medicine. Australasian Contact Tracing Guidelines 2016 [updated 2016; cited 2022 16^th June]. Available from: http://contacttracing.ashm.org.au/
Melbourne Sexual Health Centre. Treatment Guidelines [updated July 2021; cited 2022 16^th June]. Available from: https://www.mshc.org.au/health-professionals/treatment-guidelines/mycoplasma-genitalium-treatment-guidelines
Australasian Sexual Health Alliance. Australian STI Management Guidelines for use in Primary Care 2018 [updated December 2021; cited 2022 16^th June]. Available from: https://sti.guidelines.org.au/